统计研究 ›› 2007, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 9-15.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国城市化对经济增长影响机制的实证研究

沈坤荣 蒋锐   

  1. 南京大学经济系
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-06-15 发布日期:2007-06-15

How Urbanization Affects Economic Growth in China

SHEN Kun-rong ;JIANG Rui   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-06-15 Published:2007-06-15

摘要: 本文在对现有文献梳理的基础上,提出城市化可以通过两种机制的作用来推动经济增长:一方面,城市化带来的聚集经济加速物质资本、人力资本和知识资本等要素的积累,从而促进经济增长;另一方面,城市化使得剩余劳动力从农村向城市转移,优化第一产业,促进非农产业的发展,同时城市本身第二、三产业的发展进一步加速了产业结构的升级,从而促进经济增长。即城市化先作用于要素积累和结构变革,然后才间接地对经济增长产生正的影响作用。中国数据的实证检验结果表明:城市化能够通过物质资本、人力资本、知识资本和产业结构这四条途径来影响经济增长;而且,在现阶段人力资本和结构变革是城市化与人均产出之间的显著影响渠道。

关键词: 城市化, 经济增长, 影响机制

Abstract: By referring to the research conclusions drawn in previous research, a new idea can be extrapolated. That is, urbanization exerts a positive influence on economic growth through two mechanisms: on the one hand, agglomeration of economies brought about by urbanization can accelerate the accumulation of capital, human resources, knowledge and other factors, thereby promoting economic growth; and secondly that, urbanization itself is a migration process, during which spare laborers move to cities from rural areas, so agriculture industry is optimized and non-agriculture industries develop. At the same time, the development of the second and tertiary industries in urban areas can update the industrial structure, which promotes economic growth directly. That is to say, urbanization exerts positive influence firstly on factor accumulation, secondly on economic structure transformation, and finally on economic growth. The result shows that, urbanization can exert positive influence on economic growth through capital, human resources, knowledge and industry structure; human resources and industry structure are interrelated with urbanization and economic growth in China.

 

Key words: Urbanization, Economic Growth, Effect Mechanism