关键词: 社会保护, 再分配, 瞄准效率, 贫困

Abstract: Using the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this paper analyzes the redistribution effect of social protection which contains social insurance, labor market, social assistance (these three areas are known as public social protection transfers) and private transfers. The analysis reveals that the progressiveness of programs for Tekunhu, Dibao and Wubaohu is high. Most of the large distributional effect is a result of more beneficiaries being poorer (indicating targeting efficiency) rather than the bottom of the distribution receiving more benefits (scale efficiency). Public social protection transfers tend to decrease poverty rate by about 12%, and gini coefficient drops by about 7%. Pensions have the greatest poverty reduction effect; the role of pensions in reducing poverty and inequality in urban areas is stronger than that in rural areas. Finally, this paper simulates the changes in the redistribution and benefit-cost ratio when the pensions change and when Dibao only targets to the poorest family.

Key words: Social Protection, Redistribution, Targeting, Poverty