统计研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 21-29.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国功能性分配格局的国际比较研究

李清华   

  • 出版日期:2013-04-15 发布日期:2013-04-15

International Comparison on China's Functional Distribution

Li Qinghua   

  • Online:2013-04-15 Published:2013-04-15

摘要: 在当前的研究文献中,我国学者在对中国劳动收入份额进行国际比较时,通常在两个方面产生混乱:一是我国收入法GDP中的劳动者报酬指标包含了非公司业主的混合收入,采用的是宽口径的概念,而SNA1993中的雇员报酬概念却并不包括混合收入,是窄口径的概念。因此,根据我国收入法GDP数据直接计算出的劳动收入份额并不具有国际可比性;二是2004年我国收入法GDP的统计口径本身发生了变动,使得我国2004年前后的劳动收入份额也不具有可比性。本文首先以2004年的经济普查数据为基础,对自我雇佣者的混合收入按照宽、中、窄三种口径进行调整,基本消除了上述的两个不可比因素;其次,以调整后的可比数据为基础,本文对我国宽、中、窄口径的劳动收入份额进行了全面的国际比较,得到的结论更为稳健可靠。结果发现:如果采用窄口径的劳动报酬概念,我国的劳动收入份额不仅低于发达国家的平均水平15~20个百分点,也低于发展中国家的平均水平超过4个百分点。

关键词: 功能性分配, 劳动收入份额, 混合收入, 收入法GDP

Abstract: When comparing China’s labor share with other countries, researchers usually face two obstacles: firstly, Mixed-income was included in China’s compensation of employees, but it is excluded from compensation of employees in SNA1993 recommended by UN. Therefore, China’s labor share is not comparable with other countries. Secondly, China’s statistical caliber of income-based GDP changed in 2004, as a result, the labor share before 2004 is not comparable with the same index after 2004. Based on China’s 2004 Economic Census data, this paper adjusts mixed-income, obtains wide, medium, and narrow caliber labor share respectively, achieve international comparability. By the comparable index, this paper concludes: China's labor income share is not only lower than the average level of the developed countries by more than 15%, but also lower than the average level of developing countries about 4%.

Key words: Functional Distribution, Labor Share, Mixed-income, Income-based GDP