统计研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 23-29.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

理性习惯偏好与居民消费行为

经济体制改革以来,随着经济的持续快速增长中国城镇居民已经习惯于生活水平不断提高。在这样的环境中,如果一个家庭当年消费的数量和上一年相同,其幸福感就会打折扣;另一方面,消费还具有外部性,如果与他人相比自己的消费水平降低了,消费者的效用也会受到损失。因此,理性消费者的决策目标是保持消费长期稳定增长而不仅仅是消费在各个时期的均匀分配。利用1978-2008年中国26个省(直辖市)的城镇住户调查数据得到的实证分析结果显示:消费者的习惯偏好与制度环境有关。受传统计划体制影响,1990前中国城镇居民的习惯偏好具有明显的“短视”特征。1990-2008年的估计结果则支持了理性习惯形成假设。即内部习惯形成导致了边际消费倾向明显下降,并且消费攀比是理性的。   

  • 出版日期:2011-03-15 发布日期:2011-04-19

Rational Habit Preference and Consumption Behavior

Since China’s economic system reform, its urban households have been accustomed to persistently increased living standard along with rapid economic growth. Under such circumstances, if a household spend the same amount of money as the previous year, they will find their utility decreased. On the other hand, consumption behavior has external effects: if the household spend less than other households, they will also have utility loss. Therefore, rational consumers arrange to have their consumption stably increased across time instead of smoothing them to certain level. Empirical study based on urban households survey data in China’s 26 provinces(municipalities) from 1978 to 2008 shows that: consumers’ habit preference is correlated with social system environment. Affected by the planned economic system, China’ s urban households have “myopic” habit preference before 1990, while estimate result of 1990-2008 favors the hypothesis of rational habit formation: internal habit formation lead to decreased MPC, and the comparisons are rational。   

  • Online:2011-03-15 Published:2011-04-19

摘要: 经济体制改革以来,随着经济的持续快速增长中国城镇居民已经习惯于生活水平不断提高。在这样的环境中,如果一个家庭当年消费的数量和上一年相同,其幸福感就会打折扣;另一方面,消费还具有外部性,如果与他人相比自己的消费水平降低了,消费者的效用也会受到损失。因此,理性消费者的决策目标是保持消费长期稳定增长而不仅仅是消费在各个时期的均匀分配。利用1978-2008年中国26个省(直辖市)的城镇住户调查数据得到的实证分析结果显示:消费者的习惯偏好与制度环境有关。受传统计划体制影响,1990前中国城镇居民的习惯偏好具有明显的“短视”特征。1990-2008年的估计结果则支持了理性习惯形成假设。即内部习惯形成导致了边际消费倾向明显下降,并且消费攀比是理性的。

Abstract: Since China’s economic system reform, its urban households have been accustomed to persistently increased living standard along with rapid economic growth. Under such circumstances, if a household spend the same amount of money as the previous year, they will find their utility decreased. On the other hand, consumption behavior has external effects: if the household spend less than other households, they will also have utility loss. Therefore, rational consumers arrange to have their consumption stably increased across time instead of smoothing them to certain level. Empirical study based on urban households survey data in China’s 26 provinces(municipalities) from 1978 to 2008 shows that: consumers’ habit preference is correlated with social system environment. Affected by the planned economic system, China’ s urban households have “myopic” habit preference before 1990, while estimate result of 1990-2008 favors the hypothesis of rational habit formation: internal habit formation lead to decreased MPC, and the comparisons are rational。

Key words: Internal Habit Formation, External Habit Formation, Myopic Habit Formation, Rational Habit Formation, Consumption Behavior of Urban Households