关键词: 要素错配, 资源型城市, 要素配置过度, 要素配置不足

Abstract: As China?s economy has entered into the stage of high-quality development, improving the allocation efficiency of production factors has become one of the important missions currently. Firstly, this study improves the measurement method of factor misallocation. On the basis of capital and labor, energy input factors is taken into account in the production function. The absolute distortion coefficient and the relative distortion coefficient of factor prices are deduced, so as to construct a new measurement framework of factor misallocation from the aspects of misallocation degree and direction. Secondly, based on the city-level data of 2003 to 2018, the misallocation degree and direction of factors in 254 cities of China are measured. Lastly, the factor misallocation is compared and analyzed in different types of resource-based cities. The quantitative analysis results show that energy misallocation is the most serious, followed by that of labor, and capital misallocation is the least. And most cities have the problems of over-allocation of capital and energy, but insufficient allocation of labor. Compared with non-resource-based cities, the factor misallocation is more serious with a high degree of misallocation of labor, capital and energy in resource-based cities. Mature resource-based cities have the problems of overuse in capital and energy, while resource-based cities in recession are faced with both over-allocation of capital and insufficient allocation of labor.

Key words: Factor Misallocation, Resource-based Cities, Over-allocation of Factors, Insufficient Allocation of Factors