关键词: 规模经济, 超越对数成本函数模型, 似不相关回归, 市场准入规制

Abstract: Evaluating scale economy by estimating production function or cost function is the same. Since cost function’s empirical test requires objective capital price index, thus estimating production function has become the mainstream in domestic. This paper attempts to modify the capital price calculation method which is commonly used, and uses cost function to evaluate whether the heavy chemical industries that are currently under strict government regulation have the effect of scale economy. Using the panel data of China’s heavy chemical companies during 1998 to 2008, this paper estimates the index of scale economy in heavy chemical industries based on translog cost function model with seemingly unrelated regression. The results confirm that the heavy chemical industries that are under strict regulation do not actually have significant economies of scale, and the introduction of competition can lift the level of social welfare. Due to the diseconomies of scale, even the excessive expansion, the current strong entry barriers of heavy chemical industry is a quite typical of excessive regulation.

Key words: International Comparison Program；Purchasing Power Parity, Comparison Method, GDP, Price Level Index