Abstract: Fully leveraging the functions of statistical supervision is a key decision approved by the Central Commission for Comprehensively Deepening Reform and adopted by the 19 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Strengthening statistical supervision is a critical step to play the comprehensive and fundamental role of official statistics in economic and social development, and it is also an important component in advancing the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance.Statistical supervision refers to supervision, urging and inspection by the supervising body to supervised targets on implementation of the key decisions made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council,fulfillment of statistical duties by the laws, regulations and institutions, improvement of data quality, etc.; it also refers to statistical monitoring and comprehensive evaluation of economic and social performance. As an important component of the Party and State Supervision System, statistical supervision includes the concept of supervision of public power, supervision of law enforcement, monitoring and evaluation,supervision of statistical management. Its main forms include statistical inspection, statistical law enforcement and inspection, monitoring and evaluation, supervision of statistical institutions, data quality assessment. Each of the form has its own supervising body, supervised targets and content, making an integrated, collaborative and binding statistical supervision system.

Key words: Statistical Supervision, Statistical Inspection, Statistical Law Enforcement Supervision, Monitoring, Data Quality Assessment