关键词: 居民消费, 家庭人口结构, 平均消费率, 消费收入弹性

Abstract: Household consumption is closely related to household population structure. On the basis of the widely representative household survey data carried out by the National Bureau of Statistics of China in 2018 and 2019, this paper constructs a random effect and fixed effect model using balanced panel data of micro households. Combined with the future trend of China’ s population change and started with the three main dimensions ie. family population structure of the age composition of the household population, urbanization attribute and educational attainment, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the impact of changes in family population structure on family average consumption rate and consumption income elasticity. The results show that the increase of urban population ratio, the improvement of urbanization development quality, as well as the improvement of residents’ education level, help to improve the average household consumption rate and consumption income elasticity. Population aging has a negative effect on the average household consumption rate, and a more active fertility policy can promote residents’ consumption. This paper suggests that we should continue to promote the new urbanization with people as the core, strengthen the development of education,continuously optimize the fertility policy, actively deal with the aging population, tap the consumption potential of the elderly population, and promote the construction of a high-level domestic consumption market.

Key words: Household Consumption, Houbehold Population Composition, Average Consumption Rate, Income Elasticity of Consumption