关键词: 农村劳动力, 劳动力流动, 养老保险, 养老保险可携带性, 农村反贫困

Abstract: This paper extends the H-T model of labor mobility and its economic and social impact by Harris & Todaro (1970) in the three-sector economic framework to study the effect of pension portability on the income growth effect of rural labor migration and the adjustment mechanism of wealth and poverty. The empirical results show that the gradient of economic development and industrial hierarchy between regions and the income gap of 190% ~ 260% between urban and rural areas are the fundamental reasons for the rural labor force to flow to cities. The portability of pension affects the flow efficiency and direction of the rural labor force by changing the flow costs and returns and has a significant effect on income growth and wealth adjustment. From 2000 to 2019, improving the portability of pension can increase the income of rural labor by more than 35% and reduce the income gap between urban and rural labor by 15% ~ 34%. Thus, the Temporary Measures for the Transfer and Continuity of Basic Endowment Insurance of Urban Enterprise Employees are effectively verified, which plays a positive role in coordinating development between urban and rural areas, increasing farmers’ income and narrowing the urban-rural wealth gap, and this paper also shows the necessity and direction to further improve it.

Key words: Rural Labor Force, Labor Migration, Pension, Portability of Pension, Rural Anti-poverty