统计研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 41-52.doi: 10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2018.04.004

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基于三维责任视角的中国分省碳排放责任再核算

丛建辉等   

  • 出版日期:2018-04-25 发布日期:2018-04-25

Re-evaluation of China's Provincial Carbon Emissions Responsibility Based on Three-Dimensional Perspective

CongJianhui et al.   

  • Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-04-25

摘要: 自控制全球变暖、发展低碳经济成为国际共识以来,“碳排放责任核算”问题迅速成为全球气候治理领域的热点议题。本文以京津冀及周边晋、陕、蒙等资源型省份为阐述重点,立足于自主编制的特色地区间投入产出表,借助MRIO分析方法,基于“生产者责任”、“消费者责任”和“收入者责任”三维责任视角的碳排放责任界定模型,重新核算了中国分省碳排放责任,并对比分析了三维视角下各省人均、地均、部门排放量和碳强度水平,为进一步科学合理界定中国分省碳排放责任、向全球气候治理领域贡献国内省际责任分解的“中国方案”提供技术支撑。研究发现:中国不同类型省市在三维责任视角下应承担的减排责任差异较大,经济中心京津冀三省市在“消费者责任”视角下的排放量高于“生产者责任”视角下的排放量,而其主要资源支撑省份晋陕蒙三省则恰好相反;“收入者责任”视角下各省市排放量(除河北省外)均高于“生产者责任”视角排放和“消费者责任”视角排放;各省人均排放量、地均排放量和碳强度指标存在一定程度的一致性,关键部门在三维视角下排放量的差异特征是形成各省市承担不同排放责任的主要原因,“收入者责任”视角在一定程度上提高了资源供给型省份应承担的碳排放量。本文据此提出中国在未来分省碳排放责任界定时要综合考虑各类视角、针对仅采用一种视角核算的弊端须作出前瞻性政策安排等建议。

关键词: 碳排放责任, 收入者责任, MRIO模型

Abstract: Since the global warming control and the low-carbon economy became the international consensus, “carbon emissions responsibility accounting” issue has become a hot topic in the field of global climate management. This paper used the MRIO model to re-evaluates the responsibility of China's provincial carbon emissions from three-dimensional perspective of the “producer responsibility”, the “consumer responsibility” and the “income responsibility” based on the multi-regional input-output table which developed by our self, taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and it’s surrounding resource-based provinces including Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for example. And then we compares and analyzes the per capita emissions,the per area emissions, the emissions of departments and the carbon intensity of six provinces or cities under three-dimensional perspective, in order to provide technical support for the scientific and rational definition of China’s provincial carbon emissions responsibility and China’s program delicate to the domestic and provincial responsibility decomposition in the climate governance. The study found that China's different provinces or cities should bear different responsibility under the three- dimensional perspective. Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the economic center, should bear higher carbon emissions responsibility under the “consumer responsibility” perspective than the “producer responsibility” perspective, while Shanxi, Shaanxi and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on the contrary. The emissions of all provinces or cities under the “income responsibility” perspective are higher than that under the “producer responsibility” perspective and the “consumer responsibility” perspective except Hebei. There is a certain consistency between the per capita emissions, the per area emissions and the carbon intensity of all provinces or cities. The reason why each province and city bear different responsibilities is that the key departments have diverse feature of carbon emissions responsibility under three-dimensional perspectives. The “income-based” responsibility increased the emissions that resource-based provinces should bear. Accordingly, we suggest that China should consider the three-dimensional perspective and make forward-looking policy arrangements to avoid the disadvantages of using only one perspective when defining the provincial carbon emission responsibility in the future.

Key words: Carbon Emissions Responsibility, Income Responsibility, MRIO Model