关键词: 行政记录, 人口普查, 完全模式, 组合模式, 行政记录系统

Abstract: Register-based population census is regarded as one of the valid ways to solve the problems of traditional population census and it is also an inevitable choice, complying with the era of big data, to mine the administrative register resources of the population. This paper systematically expounds the basic framework of register-based population census and attempts to analyze the key problems of the Totally Register-based Population Censes and the Population Censes Combined Use of Sample Surveys and Register Data. Based on this, the successful experience of Finland, Austria, Switzerland and Holland， implementing two different patterns, is compared from six dimensions, which are the basic situation of the census, the selection of the administrative register types and form of the basic register library, the basic structure of the administrative register system, the sample survey design organized specially, the link routes among different registers and systems, the new assessment methods of the population statistical information quality.

Key words: Administrative Register, Population Census, Totally Register-based Population Censes, Population Censes Combined Use of Sample Surveys and Register Data, Register System