关键词: 研究所, 科技投入, 效率评价

Abstract: For the first time, we evaluate the efficiency of S&T inputs of China’s research institutes (RIs) based on a panel dataset consisting 1813 RIs from 1998 to 2005. By controlling the individual and time fixed effects, the instrumental variable estimate shows that S&T personnel without graduate degree has the highest output elasticity, which is followed by S&T intermediate inputs, S&T personnel with graduate degree, and S&T equipment. In general, the constant or increasing return to scale doesn’t exist in the sector of China’s RIs. Through including the conditional density of S&T input in the GPS regression, the input-varying output elasticity and marginal products can be evaluated. For S&T personnel without advanced degrees, medium-size institutes exhibit somewhat higher marginal products. Institutes with the largest inputs of S&T personnel with graduate degrees, equipment, and intermediate inputs exhibit the highest returns to each of these inputs. Several suggestions on how to improve the S&T inputs’ efficiency of RIs are provided.

Key words: Research Institutes, S&T Inputs, Efficiency Evaluation