Abstract: The quality of the statistical data is an important factor affecting the governmental decisions and the public confidence. We find that the capital of reputation, the faith-breaking punishment, gain by offering the untrue data and the supervising power are the main factors affecting the quality of the statistical data by using the game theory. We argue that the statistical credit institution is an efficient system to avoid statistical data untrue. The article suggests that the system of faith-breaking punishment is the institutional foundation to make the statistical credit work.

Key words: Statistical Credit, Data Quality, Game Theory