关键词: 基本公共服务, 农民工, 开放度, 承诺度, 约束度

Abstract: The implementation of the temporary regulations on residence permits in January 2016, fundamentally gives migrant workers access to basic public services in cities. However, the actual level that migrant workers can enjoy the services depends on the openness of public services by local governments, including the committed scope of the services and the conditional constraint. Based on the local documents of the residence permits, this paper measures the openness of basic public services to migrant workers by using the data of the National Floating Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey. The results show that: 1) More than half of total basic public services are open to migrant workers, with an openness rate of 0.5076，and more than 1/3 of exclusive services are open to migrant workers, with an openness rate of 0.3569. Migrant workers begin to substantially enjoy basic public services in cities, but there is still a long way from their equal access to public services. 2) From the view of region, the openness of developed cities is lower, that of eastern cities is inferior to central and far inferior to western cities, municipalities are inferior to provincial capitals and far inferior to other prefecture-level cities, and cities in the three major economic circles are inferior to others. Hence, it is the willingness rather than the ability of local government that decides the openness of basic public services to migrant workers. 3) The main obstacles for migrant workers to enjoy the public services is conditional constraint, which accounts for more than 60% of the openness restriction. The commitment degree in the field of exclusive services is 0.7703, while the constraint degree reaches 0.4502. That is to say, even though more than 3/4 of services are committed, the local government restricts these promised services to only 54.98% of the migrant workers who can meet the constraint conditions. While the local government permits migrants to enjoy the basic public services according to the residence permit system, they hinder the equal rights by setting conditional constraint. It is necessary for governments to support the reform to realize the migrant workers’ equal rights on public services.

Key words: Basic Public Services, Migrant Workers, Openness, Commitment Degree, Constraint Degree