关键词: 中美贸易, 全球价值链, 总贸易核算法, 隐含碳, 垂直专业化

Abstract: Based on the gross trade accounting method and data from WIOD, this paper estimates the embodied carbon in China-US trade from the perspective of GVC and analyzes the effect of GVC division on embodied carbon. The results show that embodied carbon in China-US trade is mainly from the domestic carbon emissions of exporting country, and the importing country should take the main responsibility for carbon emissions from the principle of consumer responsibility. In China-US trade, China is in the status of net carbon transfer and has improved the carbon terms of trade. Besides, participating in GVC division is one of the main reasons leading to the growth of embodied carbon in China’s export to US, and it is also one of the important ways to optimize the structure of embodied carbon emissions in China’s export. Compared with results from the perspective of GVC, the estimation results from MRIO model overestimate the embodied carbon, carbon transfer and carbon terms of trade in China. The innovation of this paper is to apply the gross trade accounting method to the research of embodied carbon in foreign trade, which will improve the traditional estimate methods of embodied carbon and help to analyze the features of embodied carbon and its responsibilities more comprehensively.

Key words: China-US Trade, Global Value Chain, Gross Trade Accounting Method, Embodied Carbon, Vertical Specialization