统计研究

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研发支出资本化核算及对GDP和主要变量的影响

江永宏 孙凤娥   

  • 出版日期:2016-04-15 发布日期:2016-04-05

R&D Expenditures Recognized as Investment and Its Impact on GDP Estimates and Relevant Variables

Jiang Yonghong & Sun Feng’e   

  • Online:2016-04-15 Published:2016-04-05

摘要: 本文依据2008年SNA,阐述了GDP核算框架中的R&D支出资本化核算处理、基本分类和基本方法,分别从生产法GDP核算、收入法GDP核算和支出法GDP核算三个角度,系统梳理了各种不同类型研发活动的资本化核算对GDP核算和相关主要变量的影响,详细讨论了自给性生产与以出售为目的生产、市场生产者与非市场生产者的区别。研究结果表明,不同类型研发活动的资本化核算方法有所不同,对GDP核算的影响也有所不同。总体而言,在研发支出资本化后,从生产法看,总产出和增加值有所增加,中间消耗有所减少;从收入法看,劳动者报酬和生产税净额保持不变,固定资产折旧和营业盈余增加;从支出法看,资本形成总额有所增加,政府消费有所减少,居民消费和净出口保持不变。同时,本文还讨论了开放经济中研发出口和进口核算的问题。

关键词: R&D支出, GDP核算, 资本化

Abstract: According to SNA 2008, this paper studies on the treatment methods of various types of R&D activities and its effect on GDP estimates and relative variables by GDP production side, income side and expenditure side, including market producer’s R&D and non-market producer’s R&D, R&D produced for own use and R&D produced for sale. The results show that the treatment methods of various types of R&D activities are different, and its impact on GDP estimates are also different. In general, output and value added are increased, intermediate consumption is decreased by GDP production side after capitalization of R&D expenditures; employee compensation and net products tax remain unchanged, depreciation of fixed assets and operating surplus are increased by GDP income side; fixed capital formation is increased, government consumption is decreased, net exports and household consumption remain unchanged by GDP expenditure side. At the same time, this paper also discusses the treatment of R&D import and export in the open economy.

Key words: R&D Expenditures, GDP Estimates, Capitalization