关键词: 基本养老保险制度, 退休行为, 边际隐性税率, 替代率

Abstract: A critical question in retirement system reform is the incentive effect of basic pension system on individual retirement behavior. In this paper, we calculate the replacement rate and marginal implicit tax rate of representative individuals of nine industries at various retirement ages. The results indicate that there generally exists negative incentive effect of China’s current basic pension system on individual retirement behavior, which will increase the possibility of early retirement. In addition, this negative incentive effect varies across industries, and workers in low-income industries face severer negative incentive. Based on these results, we make retrospection about the principle of actuarially neutral in flexible retirement, and suggest that it is vital to diminish such negative incentive of basic pension system and protect the interests of workers in low-income industries when China considers designing flexible retirement system.

Key words: Basic Pension System, Retirement Behavior, Marginal Implicit Tax Rate, Replacement Rate