Abstract: It is of very important significance to set up Mutation Statistics for widening the research areas of Statistics, enriching the system of statistical methodology, enhancing the systematic of General Statistics. The object of study for Mutation Statistics are discrete(sudden changed) phenomena, the task of study cover five aspects including the theoretical foundation research and etc. The construction of Mutation Statistics should be undertaken under the guidance of philosophy and dissipation structure; its methodological system should be set up by the systems of metric methodology, differentiation methodology and transformation control methodology; and its application forms the process of mutation statistical work.