统计研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 123-137.doi: 10.19343/j.cnki.11–1302/c.2022.12.008

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外商投资与科技创新——基于市场一体化视角

王 浩 罗 琦 张建武   

  • 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2022-12-25

Inward Foreign Direct Investment and Innovation: A Marketization Perspective

Wang Hao Luo Qi Zhang Jianwu   

  • Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-12-25

摘要: 本文利用我国2003—2019年30个省份的面板数据研究市场一体化如何影响外商投资的创新效应。基准模型结果显示,外商投资具备科技创新效应,且市场一体化提升了科技创新能力,市场一体化程度的提高会在一定程度上替代外商投资的科技创新效应。从外商投资进驻产业看,第二产业的外商投资创新作用最大;从进驻模式看,合营模式进驻的外商投资创新作用最大;在内陆地区,外商投资对创新的影响力度不如沿海地区,但市场一体化对创新能力的作用更为明显。路径检验分析发现,通过“政府与市场关系”路径,市场一体化促进了外商投资的创新效应;而通过“非国有经济发展”和“市场中介组织发育程度和法律制度环境”路径,市场一体化在一定程度上替代了外商投资的创新效应。因此,应加速市场一体化进程,加快构建统一大市场,依托国内市场的巨大潜力合理地配置资源,鼓励本土创新。在此过程中充分发挥外资创新效应,加强本土企业与跨国企业的科技交流合作,推进科技创新引领高质量经济发展。

关键词: 外商投资;科技创新;市场一体化;异质性分析 

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) on innovation in China from the perspective of marketization. Using the panel data from 30 provinces from 2003 to 2019, it shows that FDI has the effect of innovation and marketization improves the innovation capacity, and that the increase of marketization substitutes to an extent the positive innovation effect of inward FDI. The innovation effect of inward FDI in the secondary industry and that in the mode of equity joint venture are more pronounced. While the innovation effect of inward FDI located in inland provinces is less salient than coastal provinces, marketization plays a more important role in promoting the innovation ability in inland regions. Furthermore, the government-market relationship increases the innovation effect of inward FDI whereas the development of non-state-owned economy and the development level of market agencies and institutional settings weaken (or substitute) the innovation effect with marketization. Therefore, the policymaker should speed marketization for a greater integrated market, tap on the huge potential of domestic market for reasonable allocation of resources, encourage local innovation and the technological cooperation between domestic and foreign firms to enhance the innovation ability from FDI, so as to promote our technological power and the high-quality economic development.

Key words: Inward FDI, Innovation, Marketization, Heterogeneity Analysis