关键词: 贫困脆弱性, 风险“冲击—应对”, 风险抵御力, 风险抗逆力 

Abstract: Poverty vulnerability is a forecast of poverty risk, and its measurement should not only consider the risk itself, but also consider the risk response, and reflect the result of risk “shock and response”. Based on the risk “shock-response” analysis framework of disaster sociology, this paper reinterprets the connotation and generation of poverty vulnerability, improves the poverty vulnerability measurement model, and measures the poverty vulnerability of peasant households using data from the Chinese Household Tracking Survey (2018). The results show that the vulnerability to poverty depends on people?s welfare level and the comparison between risk impact and risk response. The higher the welfare level, the weaker the risk impact and the stronger the risk response ability, the lower the vulnerability to poverty. The risk impact is only the trigger of poverty vulnerability, and the risk response capacity is the root of poverty vulnerability. The risk response capacity can reduce the poverty vulnerability by reducing the welfare fluctuation and improving the welfare level. The greater the synergistic risk, the higher the poverty vulnerability of peasant households. To reduce the poverty vulnerability of peasant households, it is more important to mitigate the risk before the event than to cope with the risk after the event, and to enhance the development opportunity than to enhance the development capacity. At present, the vulnerability of rural households to poverty caused by large risk impact and weak response ability in China is prominent, and the vulnerability of rural households to poverty is more significant in out-of-poverty groups, out-of-poverty areas and underdeveloped areas. Therefore, in the transition stage from retaining the achievement of poverty elimination to rural revitalization, poverty vulnerability should be the focus of attention.

Key words: Poverty Vulnerability, Risk “Shock-Response”, Risk Resilience, Risk Recovery