统计研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 56-.doi: 10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2019.09.005

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环境“二维化”视角下的居民幸福感量化研究:来自中国CGSS数据的新证据

马晓君等   

  • 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-09-25

Quantitative Study of Residents’ Wellbeing from the Perspective of a “Two-dimensional” Environment: New Evidence from China CGSS Data

Ma Xiaojun et al.   

  • Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-09-25

摘要: 幸福不仅是影响人们行为的重要因素,更是人们生活追求的最终目标。本文基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,创新性地从环境“二维化”这一研究视角,将环境因素划分为两个维度,即客观存在的环境污染因素与居民主观的环境行为,采用优化的两阶段有序Probit回归模型,沿着“客观存在的环境污染因素——居民幸福感”和“居民幸福感——居民主观的环境行为”两条研究思路展开实证分析,在实证过程中引入控制变量及工具变量,同时对经济因素及地区因素可能导致的组群差异进行考量和比较。结果显示,无论是环境污染对居民幸福感,还是居民幸福感对居民环境行为,其影响均是显著的,且具有异质性;环境污染通过影响居民的身体健康、生活质量和社会活动对居民幸福感产生影响,而居民环境行为则因个体收入和居民幸福感程度的不同产生差异。本文对环境与居民幸福感之间的作用机制展开深入分析,为政府出台环境政策的制定、提升居民幸福感及居民环境行为贡献度奠定理论基础。

关键词: 环境“二维化”, 居民幸福感, 居民环境行为, 两阶段有序Probit回归, 异质性

Abstract: Wellbeing is not only the main goal of people’s lives, but also an important factor affecting people’s behavior. Based on the data of the China Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS), this paper innovatively divides environmental factors into two dimensions from the perspective of “two-dimensionality” of the environment: objectively existing environmental pollution factors and resident subjective environmental behaviors; it uses optimized two-stage ordered Probit regression model and introduces control variables and instrument variables in the empirical process. The paper is based on the empirical analysis of the two ideas of “objectively existing environmental pollution factors-wellbeing” and “wellbeing-subjective environmental behavior of residents”, and examines the group differences that may be caused by economic factors and regional factors and conduct comparative analysis. The results show that both the impact of environmental pollution on wellbeing and subjective well-being on environmental behavior are significant and heterogeneous: there is indeed a correlation between the two. Environmental pollution affects residents’ physical health, quality of life and social activities with an impact on residents’ wellbeing, while residents’ environmental behavior vary according to individual income and wellbeing levels. This paper provides an indepth analysis of the mechanism of interaction between environment and wellbeing, and provides an effective reference for the formulation of government environmental policies, residents’ wellbeing improvement and public environmental protection participation.

Key words: Environment Going “Two-dimensional”, Residents’ Wellbeing, Resident Environmental Behavior, Two-stage Ordered Probit Regression, Heterogeneity