关键词: 问卷调查, 主观评价, 情境题, 锚定法, 认知功能

Abstract: The vignette questions are used in many large scale surveys to measure the subjective ratings of the respondents. As to its format, the vignette questions usually are lengthy and multi-dimentional, which need high cognitive functions of the respondents, so the quality of the answers to these questions is easily to be affected. Based on data sets from three large scale surveys (China Family Panel Studies, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, and Program for International Student  Assessment), this paper assesses the quality of answers to ten kinds of vignette  questions and then studies the relationship between the quality of the answers and the educational attainments and cognitive functions of the respondents. It is found that there is a large variation in the quality of answers among the various vignette questions in the different surveys. A further study shows there is a significant positive correlation between the quality of answers and the educational attainments and the cognitive functions of the respondents. Unreasonable ordering of questions and inconsistent answers possibly occur among the respondents with lower educational attainments and cognitive functions. Therefore, when designing and analyzing the vignette questions, researchers should take the impact of the cognitive functions on the quality of answers into consideration.

Key words: Questionnaire, Subjective Rating, Vignette Question, Anchoring Vignette, Cognitive Function