统计研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 45-55.doi: 10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2018.12.004

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资源环境约束下中国工业环境技术效率的地区差异及动态演变

李占风 张 建   

  • 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2018-12-28

Regional Disparities and Dynamic Evolution of China's Industrial Environmental Technical Efficiency under the Constraints of Resource and Environment

Li Zhanfeng & Zhang Jian   

  • Online:2018-12-25 Published:2018-12-28

摘要: 本文通过构建环境污染综合指数来全面反映环境污染非期望产出,运用基于非径向、非角度包含非期望产出的DEA—SBM模型测算了资源环境约束下2001—2015年中国30个省份的工业环境技术效率,然后运用Dagum基尼系数及其子群分解方法、kernel 密度估计方法和空间Markov链对资源环境约束下中国工业环境技术效率的地区差异及其分布动态演变进行了实证分析。研究表明:资源环境约束下中国工业环境技术效率在地理空间上具有集聚特征,呈现“东高西低”非均衡的空间分布格局;中国工业环境技术效率水平在不断提高的同时,也呈现明显的两极分化的分布状态;资源环境约束下中国工业环境技术效率地区差异整体上呈现不断扩大趋势,地区间差异和超变密度是造成资源环境约束下中国工业环境技术效率地区差异的主要来源;中国工业环境技术效率分布的演变总体上受到邻域空间滞后类型的影响,但在传统粗放型的工业发展方式下,中国工业环境技术效率具有很强的路径依赖性,在时长1年内很难实现短期跨越式发展。最后,针对研究结论,提出相应的政策建议。

关键词: 工业环境技术效率, Dagum 基尼系数, 动态演进

Abstract: This paper constructs a comprehensive environmental pollution index to reflect the undesired output of environmental pollution through. Based on the non radial and non angle DEA—SBM efficiency measurement model with the undesirable outputs, it measures the industrial environmental technical efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2001 to 2015.Then it uses the Dagum Gini coefficient and its subgroup decomposition method, the kernel density estimation and spatial Markov chain to analysis the regional disparities and dynamic evolution of China's industrial environmental technical efficiency under the constraints of resource and environment. The results show that: first, China's industrial environment technical efficiency has agglomeration characteristics under the constraint of resource and environment and the distribution pattern of disparities space in east high west is presented. At the same time, the environmental technical efficiency in China is increasing and the distribution state of polarization is obvious; second, the regional disparities of industrial environmental technical efficiency in China have been expanding, the interregional disparities and intensity of transvariation are the main source of the hole regional disparities; third, The evolution of industrial environmental technical efficiency distribution in China is generally influenced by the lag type of the neighborhood space,but in the traditional mode of extensive industrial development, China's industrial environmental technical efficiency has a strong path dependence, so it is difficult to achieve short span development in 1 years. Finally,based on the empirical results, it put forward some advice accordingly.

Key words: Industrial environmental technical efficiency, Dagum Gini coefficient, Dynamic evolution