• 论文 •

### 国际比较项目（ICP）高估发展中国家实际消费水平了吗

• 出版日期:2017-07-15 发布日期:2017-07-18

### Does International Comparison Program Overestimate the Real Consumption of Developing Countries

Wang Yan & Yang Zhongshan

• Online:2017-07-15 Published:2017-07-18

Abstract: The latest International Comparison Program (ICP) shows that the PPP adjusted economic aggregates for developing countries are much higher than previous estimates. We examine how the different Multilateral Index methods affect the estimates of actual individual consumption for developing countries, in particular for china. Using the data from ICP2011, we set the estimates of GAIA method as a benchmark and measure the biases in GK and GEKS. The empirical results show that: (1) when GK is used at the aggregate level in ICP2011, the final results will still suffer from substitution bias; (2) GEKS which is used in ICP2011 systematically overestimates the actual individual consumption per capita for developing countries. For China, it is overestimated by 6.24%; (3) GK and GEKS underestimate the inequalities in actual individual consumption per capita, while the inequalities measured by GAIA are more reasonable.