关键词: 城市民生发展指数, 空间差异, 结构来源, QAP

Abstract: This paper constructs the urban livelihood development index based on the entropy method, uses the Dagum Gini coefficient and the variance decomposition method to investigate the size and source of the differences in people’s livelihood development in urban China from the perspectives of space and structure for the first time, and uses the relational data analysis paradigm to study its formation mechanism. The results are as follows. The development level of people’s livelihood in urban China continues to improve, but its imbalance after 2010 is significant. The overall difference in people’s livelihood development mainly comes from inter-regional differences, in which the difference between the eastern and central regions contributes the most, and the contribution of differences within the eastern region is significantly higher than that within the central and western regions. Differences in social development and in ecological development are the main structural sources of differences in people’s livelihood development. The differences in people’s life and in scientific and technological innovation weakens successively from the east to the west, while the effect of social development differences increases. The impact of difference in ecological development is the most prominent in the central region. The difference in economic development has a weaker impact on the eastern region. Rising differences in people’s life and in scientific and technological innovation are the main reasons for the expansion of the differences in people’s livelihood after 2010. This study enriches the construction plan of the evaluation system of urban livelihood, and can provide important reference for revealing the differences in the development of urban livelihood in China and exploring its synergistic improvement measures.

Key words: Urban Livelihood Development Index, Spatial Difference, Structural Source, Quadratic Assignment Procedure